Doctrine of Equivalents
The doctrine of equivalents allows a finding of infringement where an accused product does not literally meet a claim limitation but differs from it only insubstantially - often framed as performing substantially the same function in substantially the same way to achieve substantially the same result. The comparison is made limitation by limitation rather than to the invention as a whole. Several doctrines constrain it: prosecution history estoppel bars recapturing subject matter surrendered during prosecution, and the claim vitiation and disclosure-dedication rules prevent it from erasing a limitation entirely. The opinions here address when the doctrine is available and what evidence supports an equivalents theory.
109 opinions and orders.
- June 17, 2026 Fed. Cir. Boston Scientific Corp. v. Stryker Corporation, No. 26-1171 (Fed. Cir. June 17, 2026) Affirmed
- April 30, 2026 E.D. Tex. Vasu Holdings, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. et al, No. 2:24-cv-00034 (E.D. Tex. Apr. 30, 2026) Adopted
- April 17, 2026 E.D. Tex. EireOg Innovations Ltd. v. Cisco Systems Inc., No. 2:24-cv-00224 (E.D. Tex. Apr. 17, 2026) Adopted
- April 14, 2026 Fed. Cir. Vlsi Technology LLC v. Intel Corporation, No. 24-1772 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 14, 2026) Reversed in Part
- February 5, 2026 Fed. Cir. Little Giant Ladder Systems, LLC v. Tricam Industries, Inc., No. 24-2115 (Fed. Cir. Feb. 5, 2026) Affirmed
- December 17, 2025 Fed. Cir. Wonderland Switzerland AG v. Evenflo Company, Inc., No. 23-2043 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 17, 2025) Affirmed in Part
- November 13, 2025 Fed. Cir. Smartrend Manufacturing Group (SMG), Inc. v. Opti-Luxx Inc., No. 24-1616 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 13, 2025) Reversed in Part
- July 18, 2025 Fed. Cir. Colibri Heart Valve LLC v. Medtronic CoreValve, LLC, No. 23-2153 (Fed. Cir. July 18, 2025) Reversed
- July 15, 2025 E.D. Tex. CLO Virtual Fashion Inc. v. Zhejiang Lingdi Digital Technology Co., Ltd., No. 2:23-cv-00274 (E.D. Tex. July 15, 2025) Granted in Part
- October 24, 2024 Fed. Cir. NexStep, Inc. v. Comcast Cable Communications, LLC, No. 22-1815 (Fed. Cir. Oct. 24, 2024) Affirmed
- August 28, 2024 Fed. Cir. Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation v. Apple Inc., No. 22-1884 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 28, 2024) Affirmed
- May 22, 2024 E.D. Tex. Correct Transmission, LLC v. Nokia Corporation et al, No. 2:22-cv-00343 (E.D. Tex. May 22, 2024) Adopted
- March 28, 2024 E.D. Tex. Smart Path Connections, LLC v. Nokia Corporation et al, No. 2:22-cv-00296 (E.D. Tex. Mar. 28, 2024) Adopted
- March 21, 2024 E.D. Tex. Correct Transmission, LLC v. Nokia Corporation et al, No. 2:22-cv-00343 (E.D. Tex. Mar. 21, 2024) Granted in Part
- March 6, 2024 E.D. Tex. Smart Path Connections, LLC v. Nokia Corporation et al, No. 2:22-cv-00296 (E.D. Tex. Mar. 6, 2024) See Opinion
- December 4, 2023 Fed. Cir. Vlsi Technology LLC v. Intel Corporation, No. 22-1906 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 4, 2023) Affirmed in Part
- May 30, 2023 E.D. Tex. Howlink Global LLC v. AT&T Inc. et al, No. 2:22-cv-00040 (E.D. Tex. May 30, 2023) Granted
- May 2, 2023 E.D. Tex. Nearby Systems LLC v. Rent-A-Center, Inc., No. 2:22-cv-00224 (E.D. Tex. May 2, 2023) Denied
- April 3, 2023 Fed. Cir. Ironburg Inventions Ltd. v. Valve Corporation, No. 21-2296 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 3, 2023) Affirmed in Part
- September 8, 2022 E.D. Tex. Mobile Equity Corp. v. Walmart Inc., No. 2:21-cv-00126 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 8, 2022) See Opinion
- June 7, 2022 E.D. Tex. Arigna Technology Limited v. Nissan Motor Company, Ltd. et al, No. 2:22-cv-00126 (E.D. Tex. June 7, 2022) Granted
- April 15, 2022 Fed. Cir. United Access Technologies, LLC v. AT&T Corp., No. 21-2002 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 15, 2022) Affirmed in Part
- January 7, 2021 Fed. Cir. Olaf Soot Design, LLC v. Daktronics, Inc., No. 20-1009 (Fed. Cir. Jan. 7, 2021) Reversed in Part
- December 21, 2020 Fed. Cir. Eli Lilly and Company v. Apotex, Inc., No. 20-1328 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 21, 2020) Affirmed
- October 26, 2020 E.D. Tex. National Oilwell DHT, LP v. Amega West Services, LLC, No. 2:14-cv-01020 (E.D. Tex. Oct. 26, 2020) Granted in Part
- June 26, 2020 E.D. Tex. Image Processing Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. et al, No. 2:20-cv-00050 (E.D. Tex. June 26, 2020) Denied
- March 25, 2020 Fed. Cir. Galderma Laboratories, L.P. v. Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC, No. 19-1021 (Fed. Cir. Mar. 25, 2020) Affirmed in Part
- January 7, 2020 Fed. Cir. Amgen Inc. v. Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC, No. 18-2414 (Fed. Cir. Jan. 7, 2020) Affirmed in Part
- November 22, 2019 Fed. Cir. Pharma Tech Solutions, Inc. v. LifeScan, Inc., No. 19-1163 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 22, 2019) Affirmed
- August 9, 2019 Fed. Cir. Eli Lilly and Company v. Hospira, Inc., No. 18-2126 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 9, 2019) Affirmed in Part
- July 29, 2019 Fed. Cir. Amgen Inc. v. Coherus BioSciences Inc., No. 18-1993 (Fed. Cir. July 29, 2019) Affirmed
- June 28, 2019 E.D. Tex. Emed Technologies Corporation et al v Repro-Med Systems, Inc., No. 2:15-cv-01167 (E.D. Tex. June 28, 2019) Adopted
- June 24, 2019 Fed. Cir. Choon's Design, LLC v. Idea Village Products Corp., No. 18-1934 (Fed. Cir. June 24, 2019) Affirmed
- June 24, 2019 Fed. Cir. UCB, Inc. v. Watson Laboratories Inc., No. 18-1397 (Fed. Cir. June 24, 2019) Affirmed
- May 31, 2019 Fed. Cir. Cobalt Boats, LLC v. Brunswick Corporation, No. 18-1376 (Fed. Cir. May 31, 2019) Reversed
- November 5, 2018 Fed. Cir. ArcelorMittal Atlantique et v. AK Steel Corporation, No. 17-1637 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 5, 2018) Vacated & Remanded
- April 6, 2018 E.D. Tex. Sycamore IP Holdings LLC v. Teleport Communications America, LLC et al, No. 2:16-cv-00588 (E.D. Tex. Apr. 6, 2018) Denied
- April 6, 2018 Fed. Cir. Pazandeh v. Yamaha Corporation of America, No. 18-1275 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 6, 2018) Affirmed in Part
- March 15, 2018 Fed. Cir. Intellectual Ventures I LLC v. Symantec Corp., No. 17-1814 (Fed. Cir. Mar. 15, 2018) Affirmed
- February 27, 2018 Fed. Cir. Nalco Company v. Chem-Mod, LLC, No. 17-1036 (Fed. Cir. Feb. 27, 2018) Reversed in Part
- February 5, 2018 Fed. Cir. WCM Industries, Inc. v. IPS Corporation, No. 16-2211 (Fed. Cir. Feb. 5, 2018) Reversed in Part
- November 9, 2017 Fed. Cir. Sanofi v. Watson Laboratories Inc., No. 16-2722 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 9, 2017) Affirmed
- October 10, 2017 E.D. Tex. Sycamore IP Holdings LLC v. Teleport Communications America, LLC et al, No. 2:16-cv-00588 (E.D. Tex. Oct. 10, 2017) Granted
- September 29, 2017 Fed. Cir. Jang v. Boston Scientific Corporation, No. 16-1275 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 29, 2017) Affirmed
- September 13, 2017 E.D. Tex. Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd v. T-Mobile US, Inc. et al, No. 2:16-cv-00052 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 13, 2017) Adopted
- August 17, 2017 Fed. Cir. Cronos Technologies, LLC v. Expedia, Inc., No. 16-2528 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 17, 2017) Affirmed
- August 2, 2017 Fed. Cir. Enzo Biochem Inc v. Applera Corp., No. 16-1881 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 2, 2017) Affirmed
- December 12, 2016 Fed. Cir. Power Integrations, Inc. v. Fairchild Semiconductor Intl., No. 15-1329 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 12, 2016) Affirmed in Part
- December 5, 2016 E.D. Tex. Arthrex, Inc. v. Smith & Nephew, Inc. et al, No. 2:15-cv-01047 (E.D. Tex. Dec. 5, 2016) Denied
- November 8, 2016 Fed. Cir. AngioScore, Inc. v. TriReme Medical, LLC, No. 16-1126 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 8, 2016) Reversed in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Toshiba America Information Systems, Inc., No. 2:15-cv-01927 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Sony Mobile Communications (USA), Inc., No. 2:15-cv-01926 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Sharp Electronics Corporation, No. 2:15-cv-01925 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Samsung Electronics America, Inc., No. 2:15-cv-01924 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Panasonic Corporation of North America, No. 2:15-cv-01923 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Microsoft Corporation, No. 2:15-cv-01922 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. LG Electronics U.S.A., Inc., No. 2:15-cv-01921 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Lenovo (United States) Inc. et al, No. 2:15-cv-01920 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Huawei Device USA Inc., No. 2:15-cv-01919 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. HTC America, Inc., No. 2:15-cv-01918 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Hewlett-Packard Company, No. 2:15-cv-01917 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Fujitsu America, Inc., No. 2:15-cv-01916 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Dell Inc., No. 2:15-cv-01915 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Blackberry Corporation, No. 2:15-cv-01914 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Asus Computer International, No. 2:15-cv-01913 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v Apple Inc, No. 2:15-cv-01911 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Alcatel-Lucent USA, Inc., No. 2:15-cv-01910 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- September 2, 2016 E.D. Tex. Iris Connex, LLC v. Acer America Corp., No. 2:15-cv-01909 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 2, 2016) Granted in Part
- August 12, 2016 E.D. Tex. Flexuspine, Inc. v. Globus Medical, Inc., No. 6:15-cv-00201 (E.D. Tex. Aug. 12, 2016) Adopted
- August 11, 2016 Fed. Cir. Mich & Mich TGR, Inc. v. Brazabra Corporation, No. 16-1057 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 11, 2016) Affirmed
- May 12, 2016 Fed. Cir. Howmedica Osteonics Corp. v. Zimmer, Inc., No. 15-1232 (Fed. Cir. May 12, 2016) Affirmed
- April 4, 2016 Fed. Cir. Trading Technologies Internat v. SunGard Data, No. 15-1767 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 4, 2016) Affirmed
- March 23, 2016 Fed. Cir. MAG Aerospace Industries, Inc v. B/E Aerospace, Inc., No. 15-1370 (Fed. Cir. Mar. 23, 2016) Affirmed
- March 22, 2016 Fed. Cir. CSP Technologies, Inc. v. Sud-Chemie AG, No. 15-1124 (Fed. Cir. Mar. 22, 2016) Affirmed
- February 10, 2016 Fed. Cir. Convolve, Inc. v. Compaq Computer Corp., No. 14-1732 (Fed. Cir. Feb. 10, 2016) Affirmed in Part
- January 29, 2016 Fed. Cir. Akzo Nobel Coatings, Inc. v. Dow Chemical Company, No. 15-1331 (Fed. Cir. Jan. 29, 2016) Affirmed
- November 12, 2015 Fed. Cir. Cubist Pharmaceuticals, Inc. v. Hospira, Inc., No. 15-1197 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 12, 2015) Affirmed
- November 12, 2015 Fed. Cir. Advanced Steel Recovery, LLC v. X-Body Equipment, Inc., No. 14-1829 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 12, 2015) Affirmed
- August 4, 2015 Fed. Cir. Carnegie Mellon University v. Marvell Technology Group, Ltd, No. 14-1492 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 4, 2015) Affirmed in Part
- April 16, 2015 E.D. Tex. Motion Games, LLC v. Nintendo Co., Ltd. et al, No. 6:12-cv-00878 (E.D. Tex. Apr. 16, 2015) Granted
- January 5, 2015 Fed. Cir. Teashot.Llc v. Green Mountain Coffee Roaster, No. 14-1323 (Fed. Cir. Jan. 5, 2015) Affirmed
- December 15, 2014 Fed. Cir. Promega Corp v. Life Tech, No. 13-1011 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 15, 2014) Reversed in Part
- November 26, 2014 Fed. Cir. Nazomi Communications, Inc. v. Microsoft Mobile Oy, No. 14-1173 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 26, 2014) Affirmed
- September 29, 2014 Fed. Cir. EMD Millipore Corporation v. AllPure Technologies, Inc., No. 14-1140 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 29, 2014) Affirmed
- September 16, 2014 Fed. Cir. VirnetX, Inc. v. Cisco Systems, Inc., No. 13-1489 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 16, 2014) Affirmed in Part
- September 5, 2014 Fed. Cir. Epos Technologies Ltd. v. Pegasus Technologies Ltd., No. 13-1330 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 5, 2014) Vacated & Remanded
- August 29, 2014 E.D. Tex. OPTi Inc. v. Silicon Integrated Systems Corp. et al, No. 2:10-cv-00279 (E.D. Tex. Aug. 29, 2014) Denied
- June 20, 2014 E.D. Tex. TQP Development, LLC v. Intuit Inc., No. 2:12-cv-00180 (E.D. Tex. June 20, 2014) Granted in Part
- June 20, 2014 Fed. Cir. Augme Technologies, Inc. v. Yahoo! Inc., No. 13-1121 (Fed. Cir. June 20, 2014) Affirmed
- June 19, 2014 Fed. Cir. Gemalto S.A. v. HTC Corporation, No. 13-1397 (Fed. Cir. June 19, 2014) Affirmed
- February 19, 2014 Fed. Cir. Ring & Pinion Service Inc. v. ARB Corporation Ltd, No. 13-1238 (Fed. Cir. Feb. 19, 2014) Reversed
- January 27, 2014 Fed. Cir. Realtime Data, LLC v. Morgan Stanley, No. 13-1092 (Fed. Cir. Jan. 27, 2014) Affirmed
- January 24, 2014 E.D. Tex. GeoTag Inc v. Frontier Communications Corp et al, No. 2:10-cv-00265 (E.D. Tex. Jan. 24, 2014) Granted
- November 4, 2013 Fed. Cir. Integrated Technology Corp. v. Rudolph Technologies, Inc., No. 12-1593 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 4, 2013) Affirmed in Part
- October 10, 2013 Fed. Cir. Ncube Corporation v. SeaChange International Inc., No. 13-1066 (Fed. Cir. Oct. 10, 2013) Affirmed
- August 27, 2013 Fed. Cir. Applied Medical Resources v. Tyco Healthcare Group, No. 12-1412 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 27, 2013) Affirmed
- August 6, 2013 Fed. Cir. Cheese Systems, Inc. v. Tetra Pak Cheese, No. 12-1463 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 6, 2013) Affirmed
- July 26, 2013 Fed. Cir. Charles Machine Works v. Vermeer Manufacturing, No. 12-1578 (Fed. Cir. July 26, 2013) Vacated & Remanded
- April 8, 2013 Fed. Cir. Ottah v. Verifone Systems, Inc., No. 13-1106 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 8, 2013) Affirmed
- February 22, 2013 E.D. Tex. Packless Metal Hose, Inc. v. Extek Energy Equipment (Zhejiang) Co Ltd et al, No. 2:09-cv-00265 (E.D. Tex. Feb. 22, 2013) Granted
- September 28, 2012 Fed. Cir. Pozen Inc. v. Par Pharmaceutical, Inc., No. 11-1584 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 28, 2012) Affirmed
- June 4, 2012 E.D. Tex. SSL Services, LLC v. Citrix Systems, Inc. et al, No. 2:08-cv-00158 (E.D. Tex. June 4, 2012) Denied
- October 1, 2010 E.D. Tex. Colucci v. Callaway Golf Company, No. 6:08-cv-00288 (E.D. Tex. Oct. 1, 2010) Granted in Part
- September 30, 2010 E.D. Tex. Mirror Worlds, LLC v. Apple, Inc., No. 6:08-cv-00088 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 30, 2010) Granted
- February 24, 2010 E.D. Tex. MHL TEK, LLC v. Nissan Motor Co et al, No. 2:07-cv-00289 (E.D. Tex. Feb. 24, 2010) Granted in Part
- February 5, 2010 E.D. Tex. Smith & Nephew, Inc. v. Arthrex, Inc., No. 2:07-cv-00335 (E.D. Tex. Feb. 5, 2010) Granted in Part
- September 15, 2009 E.D. Tex. Performance Pricing, Inc. v. Google Inc. et al, No. 2:07-cv-00432 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 15, 2009) Granted
- January 12, 2007 E.D. Tex. STMicroelectronics Inc v. Sandisk Corporation, No. 4:05-cv-00044 (E.D. Tex. Jan. 12, 2007) Adopted
- December 14, 2005 E.D. Tex. IEX Corporation v. Blue Pumpkin Soft, No. 4:01-cv-00016 (E.D. Tex. Dec. 14, 2005) Denied