Invalidity (§ 102/§ 103)

Sections 102 and 103 of the Patent Act make a claim invalid if the invention was already available to the public or would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Anticipation under § 102 requires a single prior art reference disclosing every limitation; obviousness under § 103 asks whether the differences between the claim and the prior art would have been obvious, considering the scope of the prior art, the level of skill, and objective evidence such as commercial success or long-felt need. An issued patent is presumed valid, and invalidity must be proved by clear and convincing evidence. The opinions here address both grounds, at summary judgment and after trial.

901 opinions and orders, showing 801–901.

• October 3, 2008 Fed. Cir. Impax Laboratories Inc. v. Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc., No. 07-1513 (Fed. Cir. Oct. 3, 2008) Affirmed
• September 29, 2008 Fed. Cir. Praxair v. Atmi, No. 07-1483 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 29, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• September 24, 2008 Fed. Cir. Broadcom Corp. v. Qualcomm, No. 08-1199 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 24, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• September 22, 2008 Fed. Cir. Aristocrat Technologies Australia PTY Ltd. v. International Game Tech., No. 08-1016 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 22, 2008) Reversed
• September 19, 2008 Fed. Cir. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research ORG. v. Buffalo Tech., No. 07-1449 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 19, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• September 8, 2008 Fed. Cir. Carnegie Mellon University v. Hoffmann La-Roche, No. 07-1266 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 8, 2008) Affirmed
• September 4, 2008 Fed. Cir. In re Swanson, No. 07-1534 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 4, 2008) Affirmed
• August 29, 2008 Fed. Cir. 800 Adept, Inc. v. Murex Securities, Ltd., No. 07-1272 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 29, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• August 28, 2008 Fed. Cir. Linear Tech. Corp. v. International Trade Commission, No. 07-1572 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 28, 2008) Affirmed
• August 21, 2008 Fed. Cir. Leggett & Platt v. Vutek, No. 07-1515 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 21, 2008) Affirmed
• August 20, 2008 Fed. Cir. In re Omeprazole Patent Litigation, No. 07-1414 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 20, 2008) Affirmed
• August 15, 2008 E.D. Tex. Black v. Ce Soir Lingerie Co., Inc. et al, No. 2:06-cv-00544 (E.D. Tex. Aug. 15, 2008) Granted in Part
• August 15, 2008 Fed. Cir. Brady Construction Innovations Inc. v. CA. Expanded Metal Products Co., No. 07-1469 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 15, 2008) Affirmed
• August 15, 2008 Fed. Cir. Brady Construction Innovations Inc. v. Perfect Wall Inc., No. 07-1460 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 15, 2008) Affirmed
• August 14, 2008 E.D. Tex. Marvell Semiconductor et al v. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, No. 6:07-cv-00204 (E.D. Tex. Aug. 14, 2008) Denied
• August 14, 2008 E.D. Tex. Intel Corporation et al v. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, No. 6:06-cv-00551 (E.D. Tex. Aug. 14, 2008) Denied
• August 14, 2008 E.D. Tex. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation v. Toshiba america Information..., No. 6:06-cv-00550 (E.D. Tex. Aug. 14, 2008) Denied
• August 5, 2008 Fed. Cir. Proveris Scientific Corp. v. Innovasystems Inc., No. 07-1428 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 5, 2008) Affirmed
• July 24, 2008 Fed. Cir. In re Stauffer, No. 07-1445 (Fed. Cir. July 24, 2008) Affirmed
• July 21, 2008 Fed. Cir. Eisai Co. Ltd. v. DR. Reddy’S Laboratories, Inc., No. 07-1397 (Fed. Cir. July 21, 2008) Affirmed
• July 16, 2008 Fed. Cir. Merck & Co. Inc. v. Apotex Inc., No. 07-1362 (Fed. Cir. July 16, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• July 14, 2008 Fed. Cir. Muniauction, Inc. v. Thomson Corp., No. 07-1485 (Fed. Cir. July 14, 2008) Reversed in Part
• July 9, 2008 Fed. Cir. Roche Palo Alto LLC v. Apotex Inc., No. 08-1021 (Fed. Cir. July 9, 2008) Affirmed
• June 27, 2008 Fed. Cir. Fargo Electronics Inc. v. Iris, Ltd., No. 07-1523 (Fed. Cir. June 27, 2008) Affirmed
• June 19, 2008 Fed. Cir. Scanner Tech. Corp. v. Icos Vision Systems Corp. N.V., No. 07-1399 (Fed. Cir. June 19, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• June 18, 2008 Fed. Cir. Baychar v. Salomon North America, No. 08-1052 (Fed. Cir. June 18, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• May 30, 2008 Fed. Cir. In re Mcneil-Ppc, Inc., No. 08-1546 (Fed. Cir. May 30, 2008) Reversed
• May 27, 2008 Fed. Cir. Southwestern Bell Telephone v. Collins, No. 07-1577 (Fed. Cir. May 27, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• May 22, 2008 Fed. Cir. Taltech Ltd. v. Esquel Apparel, No. 07-1506 (Fed. Cir. May 22, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• May 21, 2008 Fed. Cir. Golden Bridge Tech. v. Nokia, No. 07-1215 (Fed. Cir. May 21, 2008) Affirmed
• May 14, 2008 Fed. Cir. E.I. DU Pont DE Nemours v. Macdermid Printing Solutions, No. 07-1568 (Fed. Cir. May 14, 2008) Vacated & Remanded
• May 7, 2008 Fed. Cir. Solomon Tech. v. International Trade Commission, No. 07-1391 (Fed. Cir. May 7, 2008) Affirmed
• April 25, 2008 Fed. Cir. In re Reuning v. U.S., No. 07-1535 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 25, 2008) Vacated & Remanded
• April 16, 2008 Fed. Cir. Zenith Electronics Corp. v. PDI Communications Systems Inc., No. 07-1288 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 16, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• April 11, 2008 E.D. Tex. Power-One, Inc., v. artesyn Technologies, Inc.,, No. 2:05-cv-00463 (E.D. Tex. Apr. 11, 2008) Denied
• April 11, 2008 Fed. Cir. Poweroasis Inc. v. Wayport Inc., No. 07-1369 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 11, 2008) Vacated & Remanded
• April 11, 2008 Fed. Cir. Poweroasis Inc. v. T-Mobile USA Inc., No. 07-1265 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 11, 2008) Affirmed
• April 11, 2008 Fed. Cir. Symantec Corp. v. Computer Associates International Inc., No. 07-1201 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 11, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• April 10, 2008 Fed. Cir. Luma Corp. v. Striker Corp., No. 07-1353 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 10, 2008) Affirmed
• March 31, 2008 Fed. Cir. Ortho-Mcneil Pharmaceutical Inc. v. Mylan Laboratories Inc., No. 07-1223 (Fed. Cir. Mar. 31, 2008) Affirmed
• March 28, 2008 Fed. Cir. Agrizap v. Woodstream, No. 07-1415 (Fed. Cir. Mar. 28, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• March 7, 2008 Fed. Cir. Pfizer, Inc. v. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA Inc., No. 07-1271 (Fed. Cir. Mar. 7, 2008) Affirmed in Part
• February 27, 2008 Fed. Cir. Gammino v. Southwestern Bell Telephone, No. 07-1257 (Fed. Cir. Feb. 27, 2008) Affirmed
• February 21, 2008 Fed. Cir. Atlanta Attachment Co. v. Leggett and Platt Inc., No. 07-1188 (Fed. Cir. Feb. 21, 2008) Reversed
• February 19, 2008 Fed. Cir. Erico International Corp. v. Vutec Corp., No. 07-1168 (Fed. Cir. Feb. 19, 2008) Vacated & Remanded
• August 14, 2007 E.D. Tex. AdvanceMe Inc v. RapidPay LLC, No. 6:05-cv-00424 (E.D. Tex. Aug. 14, 2007) Denied
• May 2, 2007 E.D. Tex. Orion IP LLC v. Mercedes-Benz USA LLC et al, No. 6:05-cv-00322 (E.D. Tex. May 2, 2007) See Opinion
• January 29, 2007 E.D. Tex. Golden Bridge Technology, Inc. v. Nokia, Inc., No. 2:05-cv-00151 (E.D. Tex. Jan. 29, 2007) Adopted
• November 13, 2006 E.D. Tex. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation v. Buffalo Technology (USA), Inc et al, No. 6:06-cv-00324 (E.D. Tex. Nov. 13, 2006) Granted in Part
• August 18, 2006 E.D. Tex. z4 Technologies, Inc v. Microsoft Corporation et al, No. 6:06-cv-00142 (E.D. Tex. Aug. 18, 2006) Denied
• August 18, 2006 E.D. Tex. z4 Technologies, Inc v. Microsoft Corporation et al, No. 6:06-cv-00142 (E.D. Tex. Aug. 18, 2006) Granted in Part
• June 13, 2006 E.D. Tex. The Rockfeller University et al v. Centocor, Inc et al, No. 2:04-cv-00168 (E.D. Tex. June 13, 2006) Denied
• December 23, 2005 Fed. Cir. Grayzel v. ST. Jude Medical, Inc., ET AL., No. 05-1126 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 23, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• December 20, 2005 Fed. Cir. Perricone, M.D. v. Medicis Pharmaceutical Corp., No. 05-1022 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 20, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• November 29, 2005 Fed. Cir. In re Sibia Neurosciences, Inc., No. 05-1072 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 29, 2005) Affirmed
• November 21, 2005 Fed. Cir. Ipxl Holdings, L.L.C. v. Amazon.Com, Inc., No. 05-1009 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 21, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• November 18, 2005 Fed. Cir. Invitrogen Corp. (Formerly Known as Life Technologies, Inc.) v. Clontech Laboratories, Inc., No. 04-1039 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 18, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• November 16, 2005 Fed. Cir. Symbol Tech. v. Lemelson MED., ED. & RES. Found., No. 04-1451 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 16, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• October 31, 2005 Fed. Cir. Callicrate v. Wadsworth Manufacturing, Inc., No. 04-1597 (Fed. Cir. Oct. 31, 2005) Reversed in Part
• October 5, 2005 Fed. Cir. Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals v. Bio-Technology General, No. 04-1581 (Fed. Cir. Oct. 5, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• October 5, 2005 Fed. Cir. Invitrogen Corp. v. Biocrest Manufacturing, L.P., ET AL., No. 04-1273 (Fed. Cir. Oct. 5, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• September 30, 2005 Fed. Cir. In re C. Douglass Thomas, No. 05-1054 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 30, 2005) Affirmed
• September 30, 2005 Fed. Cir. Cross Medical Products v. Medtronic Sofamor Danek, No. 05-1043 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 30, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• September 30, 2005 Fed. Cir. Enzo-Biochem v. Gen-Probe, Inc., No. 04-1570 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 30, 2005) Affirmed
• September 21, 2005 Fed. Cir. Cytologix Corp. v. Ventana Medical Systems, Inc., No. 04-1446 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 21, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• September 21, 2005 Fed. Cir. U.S. Philips Corp. v. ITC, No. 04-1361 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 21, 2005) Reversed in Part
• September 19, 2005 Fed. Cir. Pandrol USA, LP, ET AL. v. Airboss Railway Products, No. 04-1069 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 19, 2005) Affirmed
• September 14, 2005 Fed. Cir. Nystrom v. Trex Company, Inc., ET AL., No. 03-1092 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 14, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• September 9, 2005 Fed. Cir. Symbol Technologies v. Lemelson Medical,Education & Research Found., No. 04-1451 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 9, 2005) Affirmed
• August 22, 2005 E.D. Tex. Cummins-Allison Corp v. Glory Ltd, et al, No. 2:03-cv-00358 (E.D. Tex. Aug. 22, 2005) Denied
• August 19, 2005 Fed. Cir. Broadcast Innovation v. Charter Communications, No. 05-1008 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 19, 2005) Reversed
• August 15, 2005 Fed. Cir. In re Sujeet Kumar, ET AL., No. 04-1074 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 15, 2005) Vacated & Remanded
• August 11, 2005 Fed. Cir. Freedman Seating Co. v. American Seating Co., No. 04-1216 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 11, 2005) Reversed in Part
• July 28, 2005 Fed. Cir. Beckson Marine, Inc., ET AL. v. NFM, Inc., No. 04-1531 (Fed. Cir. July 28, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• July 28, 2005 Fed. Cir. Electromotive DIV. of General Motors Corp. v. Transportation SYS. DIV. of General Electric Co., No. 04-1412 (Fed. Cir. July 28, 2005) Affirmed
• July 27, 2005 Fed. Cir. Landers, ET AL. v. Sideways, LLC, No. 04-1510 (Fed. Cir. July 27, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• July 15, 2005 Fed. Cir. In re Joseph Battiston, No. 04-1457 (Fed. Cir. July 15, 2005) Affirmed
• July 14, 2005 Fed. Cir. North American Container, Inc. v. Plastipak Packaging, Inc., ET AL., No. 04-1306 (Fed. Cir. July 14, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• July 13, 2005 Fed. Cir. ELI Lilly and Company, ET AL. v. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., No. 05-1044 (Fed. Cir. July 13, 2005) Affirmed
• July 11, 2005 Fed. Cir. In re Steelbuilding.Com, No. 04-1447 (Fed. Cir. July 11, 2005) Vacated & Remanded
• July 7, 2005 Fed. Cir. Izumi Products Company v. Koninklijke Philips Electronics, ET AL., No. 04-1418 (Fed. Cir. July 7, 2005) Affirmed
• June 29, 2005 Fed. Cir. Seachange International, Inc. v. C-Cor, Inc., No. 04-1375 (Fed. Cir. June 29, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• June 28, 2005 Fed. Cir. Northpoint Technology, Ltd v. MDS America, Inc., ET AL., No. 04-1249 (Fed. Cir. June 28, 2005) Affirmed
• June 27, 2005 Fed. Cir. Rasmusson, ET AL. v. Smithkline Beecham Corporation, No. 04-1191 (Fed. Cir. June 27, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• June 22, 2005 Fed. Cir. Prima TEK II, L.L.C., ET AL. v. Polypap, ET at., No. 04-1411 (Fed. Cir. June 22, 2005) Reversed
• June 20, 2005 Fed. Cir. Checkpoint Systems, Inc. v. All-Tag Security S.A., ET AL., No. 04-1395 (Fed. Cir. June 20, 2005) Reversed
• June 17, 2005 Fed. Cir. Upsher-Smith Laboratories v. Pamlab, No. 04-1405 (Fed. Cir. June 17, 2005) Affirmed
• June 14, 2005 Fed. Cir. Showmaker v. Advanta USA, No. 04-1502 (Fed. Cir. June 14, 2005) Affirmed
• June 13, 2005 Fed. Cir. Janssen Pharmaceutica, N.V., ET AL. v. EON Labs Manufacturing, Inc., No. 04-1539 (Fed. Cir. June 13, 2005) Affirmed
• June 9, 2005 Fed. Cir. Princeton Biochemicals, Inc. v. Beckman Coulter, Inc., No. 04-1493 (Fed. Cir. June 9, 2005) Affirmed
• May 18, 2005 Fed. Cir. Syntex (U.S.A.) LLC, ET AL. v. Apotex, No. 04-1252 (Fed. Cir. May 18, 2005) Affirmed in Part
• May 16, 2005 Fed. Cir. Group ONE Ltd v. Hallmark Cards, No. 04-1296 (Fed. Cir. May 16, 2005) Reversed in Part
• April 8, 2005 Fed. Cir. Smithkline Beecham Corp., ET AL. v. Apotex Corp., ET AL., No. 03-1285 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 8, 2005) Vacated & Remanded
• March 31, 2005 Fed. Cir. In re Setsuo Fujimura, ET AL., No. 04-1244 (Fed. Cir. Mar. 31, 2005) Affirmed
• December 21, 2004 Fed. Cir. In re Crish, No. 04-1075 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 21, 2004) Affirmed
• December 14, 2004 Fed. Cir. Iron Grip Barbell Company, Inc., ET AL. v. USA Sports, Inc., No. 04-1149 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 14, 2004) Affirmed
• December 10, 2004 Fed. Cir. Alza Corporation, ET AL. v. Mylan Laboratories, Inc., ET AL., No. 04-1344 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 10, 2004) Affirmed in Part
• December 7, 2004 Fed. Cir. In re Bruce Beasley, No. 04-1225 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 7, 2004) Vacated & Remanded
• December 2, 2004 Fed. Cir. In re Daniel S. Fulton and James Huang, No. 04-1267 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 2, 2004) Affirmed
• November 17, 2004 Fed. Cir. Medpointe Healthcare, Inc. v. Hi-Tech Pharmacal Co., Inc., No. 04-1310 (Fed. Cir. Nov. 17, 2004) Vacated & Remanded
• October 7, 2004 Fed. Cir. Vastfame Camera, Ltd., ET AL. v. International Trade Commission, ET AL., No. 03-1426 (Fed. Cir. Oct. 7, 2004) Vacated & Remanded