02 Micro Int'l v. Sumida Corporation, et al, No. 2:03-cv-00007 (E.D. Tex. Feb. 14, 2007)

The Court issues this claim construction opinion and order to construe terms that the parties

contend are either in dispute or otherwise require construction.

The plaintiffs, Produits Berger S.A. and Lampe Berger USA, Inc. (“Plaintiffs”), claim that

avid M. Schemenauer and The Marshall Group, Inc. (“Defendants”) infringe six claims defendants D

in the patent-in-suit, U.S. Patent No. 6,537,061 (“the ‘061 patent”).

For the reasons set forth below, the Court construes the identified claims in accordance with

the rulings made in this opinion.

The Patent-In-Suit

cribes an invention concerning a catalytic combustion afterburner made of The abstract des

material, comprising in its lower part a substantially axial cavity for receiving a taper porous

convey to the burner a combustible liquid, and in its upper part an annular peripheral designed to

g a catalyst and enclosing a central zone without catalyst forming a vaporizing zone. The zone bearin

in its upper part an open duct, communicating the cavity upper part with the afterburner comprises

outside air.

2Applicable Law

“It is a ‘bedrock principle’ of patent law that ‘the claims of a patent define the invention to

which the patentee is entitled the right to exclude.” Phillips v. AWH Corp., 415 F.3d 1303, 1312

(Fed. Cir. 2005) (en banc) (quoting Innova/Pure Water Inc. v. Safari Water Filtration Sys., Inc., 381

F.3d 1111, 1115 (Fed. Cir. 2004)). In claim construction, courts examine the patent’s intrinsic

evidence to define the patented invention’s scope. See id.; C.R. Bard, Inc, v. U.S. Surgical Corp.,

388 F.3d 858, 861 (Fed. Cir. 2004); Bell Atl. Network Servs., Inc. v. Covad Communications Group,

Inc., 262 F.3d 1258, 1267 (Fed. Cir. 2001). This intrinsic evidence includes the claims themselves,

ation, and the prosecution history. See Phillips, 415 F.3d at 1314; CR. Bard, Inc., 388 the specific

1. Courts give claim terms their ordinary and accustomed meaning as understood by one F.3d at 86

skill in the art at the time of the invention in the context of the entire patent. Phillips, of ordinary

415 F.3d at 1312-13; Alloc, Inc. v. Int’l Trade Comm’n, 342 F.3d 1361, 1368 (Fed. Cir. 2003).

laims themselves provide substantial guidance in determining the meaning of particular The c

415 F.3d at 1314. First, a term’s context in the asserted claim can be very claim terms. Phillips,

ve. Jd. Other asserted or unasserted claims can also aid in determining the claim’s meaning instructi

typically used consistently throughout the patent. Id. Differences among because claim terms are

so assist in understanding a term’s meaning. Jd. For example, when a . the claim terms can al

s a limitation to an independent claim, it is presumed that the independent claim dependent claim add

does not include the limitation. /d. at 1314-15.

ms “must be read in view of the specification, of which they are a part.” Jd. (quoting Clai

Instruments, Inc., 52 F.3d 967, 978 (Fed. Cir. 1995)). “[T]he specification Markman v. Westview

highly relevant to the claim construction analysis. Usually, it is dispositive; itis the single ‘is always

• 3o the meaning of a disputed term.”” Id. (quoting Vitronics Corp. v. Conceptronic, Inc., best guide t

d. Cir. 1996)); Teleflex, Inc. v. Ficosa N. Am. Corp., 299 F.3d 1313, 1325 90 F.3d 1576, 1582 (Fe

s is true because a patentee may define his own terms, give a claim term a (Fed. Cir. 2002). Thi

he term would otherwise possess, or disclaim or disavow the claim scope. different meaning than t

1316. In these situations, the inventor’s lexicography governs. Jd. Also, the Phillips, 415 F.3d at

ve ambiguous claim terms “where the ordinary and accustomed meaning of specification may resol

aims lack sufficient clarity to permit the scope of the claim to be ascertained the words used in the cl

Teleflex, Inc., 299 F.3d at 1325. But, “although the specification may aid from the words alone.”

eting the meaning of disputed claim language, particular embodiments and the court in interpr

n the specification will not generally be read into the claims.” Comark examples appearing i

Harris Corp., 156 F.3d 1182, 1187 (Fed. Cir. 1998); see also Phillips, 415 Communications, Inc. v.

n history is another tool to supply the proper context for claim F.3d at 1323. The prosecutio

patent applicant may also define a term in prosecuting the patent. Home construction because a

Lifescan, Inc., 381 F.3d 1352, 1356 (Fed. Cir. 2004) (“As in the case of the Diagnostics, Inc., v.

specification, a patent applicant may define a term in prosecuting a patent.”).

nce can be useful, it is “less significant than the intrinsic record in Although extrinsic evide

e meaning of claim language.”” Phillips, 415 F.3d at 1317 (quoting determining ‘the legally operativ

Technical dictionaries and treatises may help a court understand C.R. Bard, Inc., 388 F.3d at 862).

d the manner in which one skilled in the art might use claim terms. the underlying technology an

and treatises may provide definitions that are too broad or may not However, technical dictionaries

used in the patent. Jd. at 1318. Similarly, expert testimony may aid be indicative of how the term is

erlying technology and determining the particular meaning ofa term a court in understanding the und

4in the pertinent field, but an expert’s conclusory, unsupported assertions as to a term’s definition are

entirely unhelpful to a court. Jd. Generally, extrinsic evidence is “less reliable than the patent and

its prosecution history in determining how to read claim terms.” Jd.

The Terms

The Court adopts the parties’ construction where agreed. The Court will construe the

remaining disputed terms which the parties agree require construction: (1) “With a wick to convey

a combustible liquid to the burner”; (2) the “Separated” Limitation; (3) “Annular Peripheral Zone”;

Open Channel”; (5) Claim 5; (6) Claim 7; (7) Claim 8; (8) Claim 12; (9) Claim 14 — the (4) “The

” Limitation; (10) Claim 14 —the “Annular Peripheral Zone”; and (11) Claim 14 — “Fixed into “Wick

the Neck of Said Flask” and “Resting on a Base.”

1. With a wick to convey a combustible liquid to the burner

lause “with a wick to convey a combustible liquid to the burner” is found in phrase 4 The c

wo disputes associated with this phrase, namely: (1) whether the “liquid” is of claim 1. There are t

of the claim; and (2) whether Defendant’s proposed language of “This term may arequired limitation

mpass a wick that extends through the cavity to the upper surface of the not be construed to enco

urner” should be added as a negative limitation. The Court looks at each of catalytic combustion b

these in turn.

The Combustible Liquid

that the combustible liquid is not itself part of the claimed invention and Plaintiffs assert

ent invention relates primarily to the configuration of the catalytic burner stone, contend that the pres

combustible liquid. Plaintiffs argue this is evident from the claim itself, which not in any way to the

k “to convey” the liquid but does not require presence of the liquid itself, merely calls for a wic

5cording to Plaintiffs, it is clear from the specification that there is nothing new or unique Further, ac

about the combustible liquid mixture in the context of the present invention.

Defendants, on the other hand, argue that the combustible liquid prominently referenced in

ust be construed as a required limitation on the claim. Defendants point to the prosecution claim 1 m

ding a response to an Office Action by the Patent Office dated May 3, 2002, wherein history, inclu

cants for what became the ‘061 patent amended certain claims because of substantive the Appli

s based upon the prior art. See Doe. No. 58, Ex. 3, at PB0238. Specifically, Defendants cite rejection

ment that “claim 12 has been amended to further define features relating to the the Applicants’ state

netrating into the pores of the burner . . .” as support that features relating to combustible liquid pe

the liquid comprised a patentable distinction over the cited prior art. Jd.

disagrees with Defendants that the Applicants distinguished their invention While the Court

ustible liquid, the Court does find that the combustible liquid comprises a based upon the comb

m 1. French Patent Publication FR 2 530 144 was applied by the examiner required limitation in clai

patent which matured into the ‘061 patent. The examiner initially rejected during prosecution of the

ion, which became claim 1 of the ‘061 patent, on the basis that the invention claim 12 of the applicat

burner of FR 2 530 144 to incorporate the annular groove of EPO 0 277 875 was made to modify the

e burner, including the annular cavity that serves to prevent encrustation of the as the structure of th

d-up. Jd. at PB0252. In response to the office action, the Applicants wick due to carbon particle buil

atalytic combustion bumer as defined in amended claim 12” was specifically claimed that the “c

t “by the presence of at least one open channel located in the upper distinguished from the prior ar

B0238-39. Thus, in accordance with the Applicants’ position during part of the burner...” /d. at P

hat the open channel catalytic combustion burner distinguished the prosecution, the Court finds t

6er the apparatus disclosed in FR 2 530 144. Nevertheless, the fact that Applicants invention ov

d claim 12 to further define “features relating to the combustible liquid penetrating into the amende

pores of the burner ” lends support to the idea that the liquid is a limitation.

aim 1 of the ‘061 patent references the “combustible liquid” twice within phrase 4: (1) “a Cl

convey a combustible liquid;” and (2) “said combustible liquid penetrating into the pores wick to

s material...” ‘061 patent, claim 1, 5:37-39. While it is true, as Plaintiffs of said burner’s porou

ng new or unique about the combustible liquid mixture in the context of the argue, that there is nothi

so true that the claim language references the liquid and makes it clear that present invention, it is al

me function, i.e., being conveyed by the wick and “penetrating” into the pores the liquid performs so

er, even though the catalytic combustion burner can burn in the absence of of the stone. Jd. Furth

hen the burner burns the last quantities of combustible liquid remaining in combustible liquid or w

able that the combustible liquid is an integral part of the invention, as the the flask, it is undeni

t “said combustible liquid penetrating into the pores of said burner’s invention will not work absen

porous material.”

the Court finds that the “liquid” referenced in claim 1 is itself part of the Accordingly,

claimed invention and is, therefore, a required limitation of the claim

The Wick Limitation

ek to add the limitation, “This term may not be construed to encompass a wick Defendants se

e cavity to the upper surface of the catalytic combustion burner.” Plaintiffs that extends through th

gue no portion of the patent or prosecution history supports such a limitation. ar

to the prosecution history and argue that the Applicants of the “061 patent Defendants point

ding up and through the cavity of the burner. Defendants point to the same disavowed a wick exten

7enced above and argue that the Applicants expressly distinguished response to the office action refer

wicks, i.e., wicks that extended through the upper part of the cavity the positioning of the prior art

atmosphere. See Doc. No. 58, Ex. 3, at PB0240. According to and were in contact with the

nts expressly disavowed via arguments submitted to the Patent Defendants, because the Applica

g patentability over the prior art, Plaintiffs are now precluded from Office for purposes of establishin

asserting a claim construction without such a limitation.

ced above, the Applicants noted that “FR 2 530 144 discloses a In the response referen

with a cavity filled by a wick which extends up to the upper catalytic combustion burner provided

uently in contact with the atmosphere.” Jd. (emphasis added). part of this cavity and which is conseq

at, in FR 2 530 144, the wick extended to a point where it The point made by the patentee was th

However, the prior art did not solve the problem of wick blocked ingress of air to the cavity.

s very close to the catalytic combustion zone will burn and — burning, noting that “the wick which i

particles.” Id. As a result, in the absence of oxygen, the char and carbonize and produce carbon

ith the stone in the device of FR 2 530 144 would carbonize. wick in close contact w

mpt to solve the problem of wick burning through the The patent-in-suit did not atte

contend. Rather, the novelty of the present invention is the positioning of the wicks, as Defendants

located in the upper part of the burner.” See Doc. No. 58, “presence of at least one open channel

ntion provides the open passage that permits air to enter into Ex. 3, at PB0238-39. The present inve

the Applicants stated, the “presence of at least one open the cavity to avoid carbonization. As

by, either EP 0 277 875 or FR 2 530 144.” Jd. at channel is neither disclosed in, or suggested

PB0239.

el provided the inventive step over the prior art, not the The Court finds that the open chann

8g of the wick. Consequently, the Court will not construe the term as placement or positionin

requiring the negative limitation asserted by Defendants.

2. Separated

1 recites that the cavity of the catalytic burner comprises an upper The fifth clause of claim

d of the burner, the cavity “being separated from the upper surface part and opening at the lower en

a wall.” Plaintiffs propose that the clause should be construed by its (10) of the burner (3, 30) by

e cavity is separated from the upper surface by a wall.” plain and ordinary meaning, i.e., that “th

n added limitation that “the cavity is completely separated Defendants, on the other hand, propose a

wall.” In addition, Defendants propose the limitation that from the burner’s upper surface by a

ncompass a cavity that is only partially separated from the “ft]his term may not be construed to e

burner’s upper surface by a partial wall.”

on on the fact that, consistent with the doctrine of claim Defendants base their constructi

s “a wall,” while claim 13 only requires a structure which differentiation, claim 1 literally require

part of the cavity.” Claim 13 (an unasserted claim) recites, “shuts off, at least in part, the upper

one shuts off, at least in part, the upper part of the cavity.” See among other things, that “a central z

ed). According to Defendants, the Applicants knew how to ‘061 patent, claim 13 (emphasis add

shuts off the upper part of the cavity, as recited in claim 13. claim a “partial” wall, which, in part,

are used in claims 1 and 13, Defendants urge, there is Thus, because different words and phrases

s used in claim 1, and the “shuts off, at least in part” presumed to be a difference between “wall,” a

n that the wall completely separates the cavity from language of claim 13, supporting a constructio

the burner’s upper surface.

communicates with the atmosphere by the presence Indeed, claim 1 requires that the cavity

933) being situated in the upper part (3b, 30b) of the burner (3, 30). of at least one open channel (8,

2 adds the limitation that the invention is characterized in that “‘said See ‘061 patent, 5:48-51. Claim

/d., 5:52-53. Claim 13, as cited by Defendants, requires the open channel (8) is substantially axial.”

en the cavity and the atmosphere to extend radially. Jd., 6:38-43. channel communicating betwe

claims may appear different but have the same scope. This does not However, selected terms in two

of claim differentiation because it is the claims as a whole that are presumed to violate the doctrine

ed terms of the respective claims. See Tandon Corp. v. U.S. Int ‘] differ in scope, not merely select

Fed. Cir. 1987) (citations omitted). In other words, though Trade Comm’n, 831 F.2d 1017, 1023 (

ary in scope, the term “wall” can have the same meaning. claims 1 and 13 may v

wledge, Fig. 2 of the specification shows that the annular groove 9 As Defendants ackno

an the thickness of the wall separating the cavity 6 from the extends axially over a greater distance th

nt, 3:25-28. As illustrated in Fig. 2, the open passage 8 of upper surface 10 of the burner. ‘061 pate

all that separates cavity 6 from upper surface 10. Thus, the invention passes through the w

wall must completely separate the upper surface from the cavity is Defendants’ assertion that the

contrary to the plain language of the patent.

prosecution history shows a complete separation is also not Defendants’ argument that the

m 1, as originally filed with the USPTO, did not contain any persuasive. Defendants claim that clai

ny structure which separated the cavity and the upper surface language which in any way referred to a

0333. Defendants argue that in order to make the claims of the bumer. Doc. No. 58, Ex. 3, at PB

application, originally filed claim 1 was cancelled and “new “conform” with the specification and the

pper surface was shut off from the cavity, at least in claim 12" was added, which added that “the u

rejection, the Applicants submitted “amended claim 12,” part.” Jd. at PB0270. In response to a

10required “a wall” separating the upper surface of the bumer from the cavity,” which which

dants assert is the same as claim 1 in the ‘061 patent. Defendants claim the progression of this Defen

f the ‘061 patent shows the Applicants have surrendered any coverage of a limitation in claim 1 o

partial wall. Defs.’ Br., at 19-20.

ees with Defendants’ reliance on the prosecution history. In the response The Court disagr

ated May 3, 2002, the Applicants distinguished the present invention on the to the office action d

e of at least one open channel located in the upper part of the burner. Doc. No. basis of the presenc

Nowhere in the response did the Applicants submit that the prior art was 58, Ex. 3, at PB0238-39.

presence of a full or partial wall. This does not amount to an express or distinguished by the

mer as Defendants suggest. Middleton, Inc. v. Minn, Mining & Mfg. Co., 311 unequivocal disclai

02). Because the Court concludes that the prosecution history does not F.3d 1384, 1388 (Fed. Cir. 20

e term, the Court finds that no construction is necessary. As plainly change the plain meaning of th

e Court construes the term separated to mean that the cavity is separated set forth in the claim, th

rom the upper surface by a wall and will add no further limitation.

f

3, Annular Peripheral Zone

m 1 recites “the burner (3, 30) having an annular peripheral zone (7) The sixth clause of clai

ropose that the phrase needs no construction, that the burner has an carrying a catalyst.” Plaintiffs p

atalyst. Defendants assert that the construction be narrowed annular peripheral zone that includes a c

to “an outer circular zone” which includes a catalyst.

at the term periphery and, hence, the term “peripheral” means Both parties appear to agree th

er closed curve; also: the perimeter of a polygon.” See Merriam-“the perimeter of a circle or oth

at 1-2, Additionally, both parties submit the dictionary Webster Online, Doc. No. 58, Ex. 2,

11ng in the form of a ring.” Jd. at 8. Defendants assert that definition of “annular,” means “a thi

eaning of the “perimeter” (of some shape) and “annular” has because “peripheral” has an ordinary m

ould dictate that the term “annular peripheral” would have an ordinary meaning of “ring,” logic w

” To not construe the term as “circular,” Defendants argue, an ordinary meaning of “outer circular.

is to ignore the word “annular.”

of the burner stone illustrated in the patent has a round or The exemplary embodiment

1:8-10; 3:1-5; Fig. 8; 5:6. The claim is not limited to such circular shape. See ‘061 patent; Fig. 2;

may include circular or round configurations, but are not a shape, however. Such structures

ngly, the Court finds no basis for limiting the claims in such a necessarily limited to such. Accordi

manner.

4, The Open Channel

recites that the invention is “characterized in that said upper The seventh clause of claim 1

e atmosphere by the presence of at least one open part (24) of the cavity communicates with th

ng situated in the upper part (3B, 30b) of the burner (3, channel (8, 33), and said channel (8, 33) bei

e should be construed to require “At least one open 30).” The parties have agreed that this phras

rner so that the upper part of the cavity communicates channel is provided in the upper part of the bu

with the atmosphere through the open channel.”

ndants seek to impose the limitation that “This term The parties diverge, however, as Defe

at is only partially separated from the burner’s upper may not be construed to encompass a cavity th

efendants submit that the phrase must be limited in a surface by a partial wall.” In other words, D

ed from the upper part of the burner. Plaintiffs, on the way where the cavity is “completely” separat

claim does not refer in any way to a “wall” and, thus, other hand, contend that this portion of the

1]

12provides no basis for asserting such a limitation.

d upon the above analysis with respect to “wall” in phrase 5, the Court declines to add Base

e limitation proposed by Defendants that the claim requires that a wall completely the negativ

separate the upper surface from the cavity.

5. Claim 5

Claim 5 depends from claim 1 and includes all of the limitations of claim 1. Similar to

1 discussed above, this claim further recites that the invention comprises “a Phrase 6 from claim

lar groove” which separates “the annular peripheral zone from the central substantially axial annu

te centers once more on the word “annular.” Plaintiffs argue that annular zone.” The parties’ dispu

aning, referring to “a thing in the form of a ring.” Defendants assert, more has its ordinary me

particularly, that claim 5 requires a circular groove.

hing in the claim or the disclosure of the patent that indicates that the annular There is not

As discussed with regard to phrase 6 from claim 1, although the exemplary groove must be circular.

or circular, see Fig. 2; 1:8-10; 3:1-5; Fig. 8; 5:6, itis inappropriate to limit the embodiment is round

limitation found, not in the claim, but only in the specification or drawing, or claim by imposing a

mbodiment. See Phillips v. AWH Corp., 415 F.3d 103, 1320 (Fed. Cir. 2005), only in a preferred e

Accordingly, the Court finds no basis for limiting the claim.

6. Claim 7 - “to contain”

from claim 1 and adds to the invention a catalytic combustion flask “to Claim 7 depends

ble liquid. Plaintiffs argue that the present invention, as recited in claim 1, is contain” a combusti

d that claim 7 adds a flask designed to hold the catalytic combustion a catalytic combustion burner an

to contain a combustible liquid.” However, Plaintiffs contend that burner, the flask being present “

13art of the present invention. Defendants, on the other hand, the combustible liquid is not itself a p

onstrued to require a flask containing a combustible liquid. propose that claim 7 should be c

all of the limitations of claim 1, the Court finds that the Because this claim includes

of this claim as well. Further, the ordinary language “combustible liquid” is a required limitation

ping into said liquid. . . See “O61 patent, claim 7. As of the claim itself requires “a wick (4) dip

w can the wick be “dipping” into the liquid? The claim Defendants posit, if the liquid is not there, ho

dip;” the claim clearly states “a wick dipping into said liquid.” language not only states “a wick (4) to

he active tense of the verb “dipping” into the liquid Id. This additional language demonstrating t

rts Defendants’ position that the liquid is part of the claim.

further suppo

nds that the “liquid” referenced in claim 7 is itself part Thus, as it did in claim 1, the Court fi

on and is, therefore, a required limitation of the claim of the claimed inventi

7. Claim 8

ing that the burner has “a peripheral shoulder” Claim 8 further limits claim 7 by recit

smaller diameter lower part. Plaintiffs assert that the separating a large diameter upper part from a

ng to the external boundary area of a surface or body. “neripheral” has its ordinary meaning, referri

that claim 8 must be limited to a combustion burner Defendants, as in previous arguments, propose

dvance the same argument with respect to claim hich includes a circular shoulder. Defendants a

w

heral” means “the perimeter of a circle or other hat they asserted as to claims 1 and 5, that “perip

8 t

Further, Defendants note that the claim twice losed curve; also: the perimeter of a polygon.”

c

meter.” See ‘061 patent, 3:15-17. According to dentifies that the additional structure has a “dia

i

refers to the diameter of a circle and, because Defendants, the ordinary meaning of “diameter”

t logically flows that a proper construction of “peripheral” means the perimeter of a circle, i

14al shoulder” would be a “circular shoulder.”

“yeripher

es “diameter” as “a chord passing through the The Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defin

line through the center of an object,” without figure or body,” and “the length ofa straight

center of a

eviously opined, the claim is not limited to a uch figure to a circle. As the Court has pr

limiting s

ary embodiment. See Figs. 2, 8; 3:44-46; 5:13-circular shape as demonstrated in the exempl

round or

figurations, but the Court finds no basis for e shoulder may include circular or round con

15. Th

limiting the claim only to such.

8. Claim 12

er limitation “with the burner resting on 2 depends from claim 7 and adds the furth

Claim 1

s within claim 12 are disputed: “fixed” and xed into the neck of said flask.” Two term

a base fi

“resting on.”

Fixed

fixed or ‘fitted’ into the neck of the flask.” propose a construction that the base “‘is

Plaintiffs

he language of the specification and its use is interpretation is directly supported by t

Plaintiffs note th

ord “fitted.” See ‘061 patent, 3:66-67.

of the w

ase be “securely fastened” into the neck of dants seek a stricter construction that the b

Defen

pears in claims 12 and 14 and nowhere else ndants note that the word “fixed” only ap

the flask. Defe

cannot provide any guidance as to any , Defendants argue, the specification

in the patent. Thus

nt to the ordinary meaning of the word ended for the term. Defendants then poi

particular meaning int

ke firm, stable or stationary” or “to give upply the necessary construction: “to ma

“fix” or “fixed” to s

58, Ex. 2, at 12-13. Thus, Defendants rm to.” Merriam-Webster Online, Doc.

a permanent or final fo

ed,” the term should be construed as he ordinary meaning of the term “fix

submit, based upon t

15to be “securely fastened” to the neck.

requiring the base

tted” inside the neck of said flask. See fication clearly recites that the base be “fi

The speci

“can” be crimped around an annular specification suggests that the base

‘061 patent, 3:67. The

ble that the invention may allow for a base f the neck. Jd., 4:2. While it may be possi

enlargement o

k, if it is crimped around the neck as urely fastened into the neck of the flas

element that is sec

s certainly not required in the recitation ot a requirement of the invention, and i

described above, it is n

of claim 12.

Resting On

” the base. Plaintiffs submit that this recites that the burner is “resting on

Claim 12 also

he base. Defendants propose that the ner be sitting upon or supported by t

requires only that the bur

positioned in direct contact with the d to require that the burner must be

claim should be construe

base.

f “used as a function word to indicate ning of “on” includes a definition o

The ordinary mea

See Merriam-Webster OnLine, Doc. nd supported by the top surface of.”

position in contact with a

nd to support Defendant’s position. ding this definition, alone, would te

No. 58, Ex.2, at 5. Rea

unction word to indicate position buted to “on” include “used as a f

However, other definitions attri

ndicate a source of attachment or and “used as a fenction word to i

in close proximity with,”

hich Defendants rely. Jd. (emphasis the “in contact with” language on w

support,” and do not require

added).

st be “resting on” the base, not “in of the claim states that the burner mu

The plain language

odiment of the invention disclosed efendant suggests. Further, each emb

contact” with the base, as D

g. 3). The support and the burner burner (Fig. 2) held in a support (Fi

in the ‘061 patent includes a

16atent discloses that the burner is resting on the re placed within the base (Fig. 4) of a flask. The p

a

onstruction that the burner be in contact with ause it is supported by the base. To require a c

base bec

nd inconsistent with the disclosure of the patent. the base is unsupported a

9, Claim 14 - The “Wick” Limitation

s that the burner of the invention has “in its he third clause of independent claim 14 recite

T

wick (4) to convey said combustible liquid (2) part a substantially axial cavity (6) with said

lower

d be construed to mean that “The lower part rner.” The parties agree that this clause shoul

to the bu

ally of the burner and which includes the wick ner has a cavity that extends substantially axi

of the bur

nveying the combustible liquid to the burner.”

for co

Defendants propose the additional limitation, As they did with regard to phrase 4 of claim 1,

that extends all the way through the cavity.” m may not be construed to encompass a wick

“This ter

ating to claim 1, the Court declines to construe r, for the reasons expressed in the section rel

Howeve

e negative limitation asserted by Defendants.

the term as requiring th

aim 14 - The “Annular Peripheral Zone”

10. Cl

clause of claim 14 discloses “an annular respect to phrase 4 of claim 1, the fourth

As with

assert that the term “peripheral” has its (7) carrying a catalyst.” Plaintiffs again

peripheral zone

ofa surface or body which may be circular, g, referring to an external boundary area

ordinary meanin

phrase should be construed as “an outer me other shape. Defendants assert this

polygonal, or so

circular zone.”

Defendants attempt to improperly read into ourt agrees, as discussed previously, that

The C

ent; Fig. 2; 1 :8-10; 3:1-5; Fig. 8; 5:6. The ation from the specification. See ‘061 pat

the claim a limit

ever, and the Court will not limit its to the exemplary embodiment, how

claims are not limited

17construction to such.

11. Claim 14 - Fixed into the Neck of Said Flask and Resting on a Base

As with respect to claim 12, the parties dispute that this clause should be limited to a base

ened” to the flask and a burner that is positioned “in contact with” the base. that is “securely fast

that the terms should be construed to require the burner be directly on the Defendants first argue

nts urge a limitation that the term “not be construed to encompass a burner base. Further, Defenda

n contact with a support and the support is positioned in contact with a base.” which is positioned i

ons discussed previously, the Court finds only that the burner should be resting For the reas

direct contact with the base, as Defendants propose. Contrary to Defendants’ on the base, not in

position, the claim requires only that the burner be supported by the base.

Conclusion

g reasons, the Court interprets the claim language in this case in the manner For the foregoin

erence, the Court’s claim interpretations are set forth in a table set forth above. For ease of ref

attached to this opinion.

So ORDERED and SIGNED this 14th day of February, 2007.

febP Fre UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

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